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How far is peace in the Middle East from Israel’s rejection of the Security Council’s ceasefire plan？

Topic: Israeli bombing of Gaza Strip.

　　"If the negotiations were held only between Palestine and Israel, peace would have been achieved long ago." -Palestinian peace talks representative

　　"Any war will end with a ceasefire agreement." -Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman Leon

　　Lower than lebanon war’s tone in 2006, the Israeli "Operation Cast Lead" began with a pragmatic goal. On the first day of the war, Foreign Minister Livni said-not even to overthrow Hamas’s rule in Gaza, but to remove the rocket threat south of the border.

　　"We didn’t occupy all the streets and couldn’t stop them from launching rockets." In response to why southern Israel continues to be attacked by rockets from Hamas, Amog, commander-in-chief of Israel’s former southern theater, replied, "What we can do is to stop their willingness to launch rockets-Hezbollah has not launched rockets since 2006, even though it still owns rockets." At this time, it has been 11 days since the war began. Three days later, Israel rejected the cease-fire plan proposed by the UN Security Council.

　　Resolution 1860 of the United Nations Security Council demanded that Israel and Palestine cease fire immediately and allow humanitarian supplies and aid to enter, but did not distribute the post-war interests of both sides. Not surprisingly, the two sides who hit the ground in full swing not only didn’t see the reason to stop, but got the reason to continue to act. Both sides need to come up with some kind of "achievement" at the time of cease-fire and declare their victory.

　　The question is, will there be a win-win situation on the battlefield? For the Middle East, which is entangled with too many interests, peace is always a dynamic balance, not once and for all.

　　Israel: Refuse to repeat itself?

　　The two military objectives of "Operation Cast Lead" are to prevent Hamas from launching rockets in the northern part of Gaza, and to prevent it from continuing to acquire weapons and strengthen itself in the southern part of Gaza.

　　However, on the 15th day of the war, from the periphery of the Gaza Strip, it can be clearly seen that rockets are constantly soaring, pulling white or black straight lines in the sky, with arrows pointing directly at Israel. On January 10th, Hamas claimed on his website that the rocket hit an air base just 27km away from Tel Aviv, the second largest city in Israel-the longest range of a Hamas rocket ever. Israel has not confirmed this news, but Hamas seems to be interested in saying that it still has the ability to acquire weapons under Israeli artillery.

　　The two Israeli military objectives in the north and south of Gaza have not been completed.

　　The United States continues to transport arms to Israel, and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice also said that "it is very difficult to protect civilians in densely populated areas like Gaza"-this is equivalent to tearing off the last piece of "humanitarian" fig leaf and giving Israel a green light to continue its actions.

　　In 2006, Israel rushed to fight in southern Lebanon, and ended up in a muddle, leaving Hezbollah to capture Israeli soldiers alive, forcing the Israeli army to invade, claiming that it won the war and became famous in the Middle East. At that time, in the Lebanese Palestinian refugee camp, the portrait of Arafat was replaced by Nasrallah-Israel will not allow this to happen again, so it must make a name for itself, and the international community also promised to help prevent arms smuggling in the southern part of the Gaza Strip.

　　Hamas: Does war add points to politics?

　　Many people may still be asking why Hamas went to war. As soon as the cease-fire agreement ended, it couldn’t hold back and the rockets were fired. Doesn’t it know that Israel will definitely respond-no matter what degree of blow?

　　After Fatah was expelled from Gaza in 2007 and took full control of this area with a population of 1.5 million, which was completely blocked on all sides, Hamas was under heavy pressure. With the economic blockade, it is difficult for food and fuel to flow in, and cash is cut off. The ATM in front of the Arab Bank in Gaza City was simply dismantled. Political allies Iran, Hezbollah, and Syria all show their kindness to varying degrees, expecting the next US president to bring them into the negotiation track, rather than attack them.

　　An isolated Hamas. Gaza people’s initial enthusiasm for electing Hamas to power is absent, and there are many complaints. And the way to win public opinion and fame-attacking Israel.

　　Israeli political circles are also looking forward to the election in February. Both sides are "hitting it off" and both need a war. The only difference is that Israel wants to "win" to completely change the pattern of border security, while Hamas can claim to "smash the invincible myth of Israel" as long as it resists and does not lose.

　　There are three elements in the framework of the cease-fire plan proposed by the United States, Egypt and France. Stop rocket launching and weapons smuggling, meeting Israel’s needs; However, opening Gaza port and improving people’s livelihood can be regarded as a political bonus by Hamas. Is Israel happy to see Hamas succeed? Can opening ports ensure that weapons will not be mixed with flour medicine?

　　Olmert said that the UN plan was not "operational" and was waiting for the details of the operation from a third party.

　　Outside: How many yellowbirds are there?

　　Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, who is 80 years old and has been in power for 27 years, should be grateful that the war has brought him back to the shrine of Middle East leaders.

　　Only Egypt has the ability to persuade Hamas to give up its weapons. Only Egypt can completely block the transportation of weapons in southern Gaza, that is, its own Sinai Peninsula. Although Egypt never admitted that it allowed Hamas to smuggle, it meant that smuggling came from the sea, not from its own feet.

　　Israeli Prime Minister Olmert began to blame Egypt by name and started a "nerve war". He wanted Mubarak to know that once Israel had to move into southern Gaza on its own, it might cause a large number of Gaza refugees to take refuge in Egypt, which was the last thing Egypt wanted.

　　Turkey, a moderate Muslim country that is committed to joining the EU, is also trying to play a constructive role. No one wants to be a peacekeeping force in Gaza, but it is actively involved.

　　Iran, Lebanon and Syria have been on the sidelines since the war began. The outside world has always said that Hamas is Iran’s agent in this region, but the division between Shiites (Iran) and Sunnis (Hamas) is doomed to be a combination of interests, or "convenient marriage", rather than an eternal alliance.

　　Israel’s fight before US President-elect Barack Obama takes office is also intended to crush the rumors that Obama may have direct talks with Iran or Hamas. Play a fait accompli-treat "terrorist organizations" or so-called "rogue countries", and the attitude cannot be ambiguous. This will be a problem and an opportunity for Obama. (International Herald Tribune Zhou Yijun)

Editor: Wang Yuxi

Honda accord 9 th generation and a half quotation

When it comes to the 9th and a half generations of Honda Accord, it is undoubtedly a model with high cost performance in the market. First, let’s take a look at its price. The guide price of the basic 2.0L comfort edition is 179,800 yuan, but in the actual market, you only need to pay 59,800 yuan after a terminal discount of about 20,000 yuan. When considering the full landing fee, it is about 180 thousand yuan, which is undoubtedly very attractive to consumers.

The power system of Honda Accord is also commendable. The 2.0-liter naturally aspirated engine can not only meet the daily driving needs, but also perform well in fuel economy. From the perspective of cost performance, the Ninth Accord is undoubtedly a wise choice. At present, the preferential rate in the market is relatively large, which further enhances its cost performance.

本田雅阁9代

Don’t take it lightly when you find ground glass nodules in your lungs.

　　Sun Caizhen, an oncologist in traditional Chinese medicine: Ground glass nodules are found in the lungs, so don’t take them lightly.

　　In the past month, this version of the health hotline is still very popular. Dozens of readers called to consult Sun Caizhen, dean of Hangzhou Zhongfutang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and an expert in traditional Chinese medicine oncology, for themselves or their relatives. Many of them called to ask questions related to lung tumors and pulmonary nodules:

　　"I suddenly found out that there were nodules in my lungs last month. The doctor asked me to review them regularly. Does it matter? Can eating Chinese medicine be eliminated? " "Three years ago, I found out that there were small nodules in my lungs during my physical examination. Now I grow up a little every year. Will it become malignant in the future?" "My father has ground-glass nodules in his lungs, which are malignant. He has had three operations and always recurs after the operation. I heard people say that taking Chinese medicine is useful. Is it true? " … …

　　Cancer patients in China are still increasing year by year. Around us, more and more relatives and friends are suddenly diagnosed with tumors. This can’t help but make people talk about the tumor. When there is a sign of trouble, they will think of whether they are "recruited". Pulmonary nodules have made many people feel uneasy.

　　I have had many operations in five years.

　　He was exhausted by the ordeal.

　　On November 7, 2021, Sun Caizhen received a patient from Pan ‘an County, our province. His surname is Zhang, and he is 58 years old. In 2016, in the physical examination of the unit, Mr. Zhang was found to have multiple nodules in the lung, of which the largest ground glass nodule was 1.5 cm. The doctor’s diagnosis is malignant, and it is recommended to do minimally invasive surgery. After the operation, Mr. Zhang did three more chemotherapy.

　　In 2018, the original tiny nodules in Mr. Zhang’s lungs grew up. He was hospitalized for the second time and his lungs underwent minimally invasive surgery. In September of the same year, another nodule with a size of 1 cm was found in the liver. The doctor diagnosed it as a primary liver tumor and made radiofrequency ablation treatment. In 2020, another nodule was found in his liver, and he underwent radiofrequency treatment for the second time. In the first half of this year, new nodules grew in his lungs and liver. Mr. Zhang was exhausted, and he even felt desperate.

　　A good friend of Mr. Zhang once suffered from liver tumor. He took Chinese medicine here from Sun Caizhen, Dean of Hangzhou Zhongfutang Chinese Medicine Hospital. He felt very good, so he suggested that Mr. Zhang also go to Sun Caizhen for a try a few years ago.

　　"In fact, I have always believed in Chinese medicine. However, at that time, the doctor said that the nodule could be removed by surgery. I think it is still surgery, which is more thorough. I regret it. I knew it. I should have taken Chinese medicine after the first operation. " Mr. Zhang said to Dean Sun Caizhen.

　　Sun Caizhen said that it is not uncommon for a situation like Mr. Zhang. Many people have multiple pulmonary nodules. After the larger nodules are removed by surgery, the smaller ones grow up again, and they recur after many operations. Clinical practice shows that by taking traditional Chinese medicine, the constitution of nodules can be gradually changed, and the "soil" suitable for nodule growth is gone, and tiny nodules are expected to stop growing or even disappear. If Mr. Zhang started taking Chinese medicine after his first operation that year, the situation should not be like this.

　　Traditional Chinese medicine has its uniqueness in treating pulmonary nodules.

　　Sun Caizhen has been engaged in tumor treatment in traditional Chinese medicine for nearly 30 years, and countless patients have been treated. The patients with ground glass nodules in the lungs are a lot.

　　Last week, Mr. Shen from Xiaoshan visited Sun Caizhen for a follow-up visit. Mr. Shen is 74 years old and was a civil servant before he retired. In June 2017, during his physical examination, he found a ground-glass nodule in his left lung with a size of 6 mm, and the doctor asked him to check it regularly. Mr. Shen goes to check every six months or so, and every time he checks, he finds that this lung nodule has grown a little. Because there were no other symptoms in his body, he didn’t take it seriously. Until November 2019, this lung nodule grew to 16 mm, and there were many tiny nodules in both lungs. He also developed hoarseness and phlegm. The doctor suggested surgery.

　　Because of his age, Mr. Shen is unwilling to have an operation. He heard from a friend that Sun Caizhen was very experienced in treating tumors and nodules in traditional Chinese medicine. In March this year, he began to eat Chinese medicine here. Half a year passed, and the reexamination showed that the ground-glass nodules in his lungs did not continue to grow, and his sputum was less, and his voice was no longer hoarse. He felt much better and was very happy. He told Sun Caizhen that he would continue to take Chinese medicine and believed that his health would get better and better.

　　There is also a patient, Mr. Cao, who is also from Xiaoshan. In September 2016, he began to cough frequently. Later, he coughed up blood and went to the hospital for examination. He was diagnosed with a nodule in the lung with a size of 2.6 cm. The doctor suggested that he be hospitalized immediately. In the ward, he heard from a friend of a patient that he also had pulmonary nodules. Later, he went to take Chinese medicine, and now the situation is very good, avoiding the pain of surgery. After listening to this, Mr. Cao discussed it with his wife and decided not to have surgery for the time being. Let’s try Chinese medicine first.

　　In October of that year, Mr. Cao began to eat Chinese medicine here in Sun Caizhen. After 8 and a half months, the CT scan showed that the nodule could not be found. "I thought it would be good to make the nodules stop growing up by eating Chinese medicine, and the result was better than I expected. Our family was very happy. I took out the money I had planned for surgery and went to Europe with my wife for a month. My experience is that if you have a problem, don’t worry, listen to other people’s suggestions and make a choice. "

　　Ground-glass nodule in lung, must it be malignant?

　　Sun Caizhen said that in recent years, more people have been found to have nodules in the lungs through physical examination. Nodules in men’s lungs are mostly directly related to air pollution, heavy work pressure, too much entertainment, excessive alcohol and tobacco or long-term secondhand smoke. Pulmonary nodules in women are mostly related to stagnation of liver qi in women. Modern women not only have to struggle in the workplace, but also have to take care of children, do housework and take care of the elderly. All kinds of pressures lead to many women’s mental stress and stagnation of liver qi, which is not only easy to grow lung nodules, but also easy to grow thyroid nodules, breast nodules and uterine fibroids. At the same time, women are often busy in the kitchen and inhale too much kitchen fumes, which is also a factor.

　　Find out that there are nodules in the lungs, what should I do? Many physical examination reports only say that there are nodules or ground glass nodules, and there are some medical codes, such as pulmonary nodules AIS, pulmonary nodules GGO, pulmonary nodules AAH, etc. Ordinary citizens can’t understand what it means, and few doctors will explain it to patients in detail. In fact, AIS of pulmonary nodules considers pulmonary in situ tumor; AAH is the abbreviation of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of lung, which is a benign tumor or precancerous lesion of pulmonary adenoma. The abbreviation of ground glass nodule of lung is GGO, which is the most common nodule.

　　Sun Caizhen said that the ground-glass nodule in the lung does not mean that it is a lung malignant tumor. Don’t be nervous when you hear that there is a ground-glass nodule in the lung. Ground-glass nodules in the lungs may be inflammatory nodules, calcifications, granulomas, benign tumors, fibrous lesions, etc., and only a small part of them are malignant. Generally speaking, the microscopic ground glass nodules below 5 mm are mostly benign. The bigger the nodule, the higher the density, and the greater the probability of malignancy. If you find ground glass nodules, you should find a professional doctor for differential diagnosis.

　　However, we should be wary that the above law is not absolute. The situation of ground glass nodules in the lungs is very complicated. Some ground glass nodules are only 3 mm, but they are malignant. Some large ground-glass nodules are suspected to be malignant by doctors, but postoperative pathological sections are benign, and any exception may occur. Therefore, even if tiny ground glass nodules are found, we should attach great importance to them. Leave it alone and let it develop, and you may miss the excellent treatment opportunity, and it is too late to regret it.

　　Sun Caizhen said that we still advocate the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine for intervention treatment of pulmonary ground glass nodules. The eight-character policy of "relieving depression, dredging collaterals, softening hardness and expelling toxin" is the treatment principle that we have summarized a large number of cases in long-term clinical practice. For the larger ground-glass nodules that may be malignant, it is suggested to treat them surgically and then treat them with traditional Chinese medicine after operation to prevent recurrence. For tiny pure ground glass nodules with no obvious malignant features, it is suggested to observe, do chest CT reexamination every six months, and take Chinese medicine to control them at the same time. After a period of time, some small nodules may shrink or even disappear. If it is suspected that there may be malignant nodules, CT examination of thin chest should be done once every three months.

　　What needs to be emphasized again is that you must be patient and have a good attitude when taking Chinese medicine treatment. Patients who are optimistic, confident and actively cooperate with doctors often get twice the result with half the effort. On the contrary, with a skeptical attitude and negative emotional therapy, most of them get twice the result with half the effort.

　　There is a patient in Zhoushan, Mr. Liu. Fifteen years ago, he found out that there were multiple pulmonary nodules. When the doctor opened his chest, he found that there were too many pulmonary nodules to be removed completely, and some of them had developed into lung malignant tumors, accompanied by pleural metastasis. The doctor only removed two large nodules for him and told his family about this situation. The family concealed the truth and told him that the doctor had removed all the nodules in your lungs.

　　After the operation, Mr. Liu took Chinese medicine here in Sun Caizhen, and his body got better little by little. Now, 15 years later, he lives happily. Mr. Liu felt that the nodule was removed by surgery, and he was in a good mood, relaxed and confident in taking Chinese medicine. This is how the miracle was created.

　　Some patients took traditional Chinese medicine for a long time, and their temper became anxious when the effect was not obvious. Last week, there was a female patient in her fifties. The physical examination of the unit found a ground-glass nodule in her lung, 9 mm, and the doctor asked her to check it regularly. She heard that taking traditional Chinese medicine was useful, so she came to see me at the clinic. After eating for a month and a half, the nodule didn’t get smaller, and she was anxious. There used to be vascular bundles penetrating into her nodules, but now they are gone, indicating that the situation is improving. But it is unscientific to have a fundamental change in a month and a half. The treatment of diseases by traditional Chinese medicine belongs to the subtle type. There is a process, which takes time and gradually penetrates bit by bit. Patients should have this kind of psychological preparation.

　　Nourishing the lungs in autumn and winter, these details of life should be paid attention to.

　　Sun Caizhen said that in autumn and winter, special attention should be paid to nourishing the lungs. Chinese medicine says that the lung belongs to gold, and the season corresponding to gold is autumn, so autumn is an excellent season for nourishing and regulating the lung, and we should develop good living habits.

　　First of all, friends who like morning exercises should not get up too early. Nowadays, there is a lot of automobile exhaust in the city, and the air quality is not very good. It is not good for your health to go out too early. Secondly, the diet is mainly light. Eat more things that produce saliva, such as lily, lotus seed, white fungus, pear, horseshoe, etc., and soak some chrysanthemum tea and houttuynia cordata when coughing. Don’t eat too spicy, fried and fried food, don’t eat more ginger, and don’t have too much cooking fumes at home; Third, we should avoid the poison of second-hand smoke. There are many people smoking in the mahjong room, all of them are second-hand smoke, which is very bad for the lungs. Try not to go. Fourth, relax, be optimistic and cheerful, don’t have too much pressure and don’t overwork. Go outdoors more on weekends, so that the lungs can absorb more sunshine and fresh air. But don’t go out in foggy days, and at the same time pay attention to prevent colds. If you sweat, you should change your clothes in time.

　　Finally, Sun Caizhen reminded everyone to pay attention to some early signs of lung tumors, unexplained irritating dry cough, persistent cough after catching a cold, sudden sputum with blood or a little blood, diffuse chest pain, back pain, shoulder pain, upper abdominal pain, etc., and repeated pneumonia in fixed parts. Be vigilant and go to the hospital in time.

　　On Tuesdays and Thursdays, Dean Sun Caizhen sits in Hangzhou Zhongfutang Chinese Medicine Hospital. Every Monday, Wednesday and Saturday, I sit in the clinic of traditional Chinese medicine oncology in Hangzhou. From November 26th to December 10th, 10 expert numbers will be sent out free of charge every week. Readers who need it please call the phone at the top of this page to make an appointment.

Develop joint distribution and express delivery to speed up the village.

　　Core reading

　　Joint distribution means that express parcels from different sources and destinations are distributed centrally through cooperation among multiple participants. The new mode of joint distribution not only opened up the "last mile" of express delivery into the village, but also released the strong power of rural e-commerce.

　　The data shows that nearly half of the more than 2,800 county-level administrative regions in China have explored different forms of express co-distribution.

　　Recently, the live broadcast of e-commerce in Dongyue Village, Guangshan, Henan Province is very lively, and agricultural special products such as brick bridge moon cakes and salted duck eggs have risen rapidly. "I used to send a courier to a town more than 10 kilometers away. Now there is a courier station 200 meters away from home." Yu Yunyi, a villager in Dongyue Village, said excitedly.

　　In Fuping, Shaanxi, many villagers found that the timeliness of express delivery service has been greatly improved. "It is often placed online the day before, and it will arrive the next day." Zhao Xiongxiong, a villager in Caocun Town, Fuping County, felt deeply.

　　Different regions and similar experiences, behind the faster delivery in rural areas, is the rapid rise of express delivery mode. Through the centralized distribution of express mail from different express delivery companies, the transportation cost of express mail is effectively reduced, which makes express delivery into the village smoother and agricultural products more powerful. What is express joint delivery? How to make full use of this model to speed up the pace of express delivery into the village? Recently, the reporter conducted an interview.

　　Set up a network and get through the "last mile" of express delivery into the village

　　At 7 o’clock in the morning, the rising sun rises. In Yucheng Bus Terminal, Shandong Province, the common distribution center of e-commerce express logistics started a busy day.

　　In the sorting center of nearly 3,000 square meters, the signal lights flashed, and all four unloading ports were opened, docking trucks entering Hong Kong from various transshipment centers in Jinan. Then, one package enters the ring-shaped automatic sorting line in turn, and after being scanned by the electronic face sheet, it falls into the corresponding compartment according to the receiving address.

　　"In September last year, Yucheng Jiaotou Group took the lead in integrating five express delivery companies including Zhongtong and Shentong to form a joint distribution network." Ren Jianbin, the person in charge of the center, said that one county-level logistics distribution center, 13 township-level distribution centers and 544 village-level express logistics service points have been built in the past year, and the sorting and distribution efficiency has increased by more than 50%, and the number of express deliveries entering Hong Kong every day has increased from more than 50,000 to over 70,000.

　　About two hours later, sorting came to an end. No.90 intersection corresponds to Anren Town, and an 8-meter-long rural bus has arrived at the stop from a nearby station. Take a closer look, this is a carefully modified shuttle bus — — Two seats in the rear door area have been removed and glass doors have been installed, creating an independent parcel storage area and realizing "separation of passengers and goods".

　　Pulling the courier and carrying passengers, in less than half an hour, the reporter and his party arrived at Anren Town Logistics Express Distribution Comprehensive Service Station. After secondary sorting, they were transported by Tongcun minibus to the village service point set up in the supermarket. The villagers scanned the code and picked up the pieces to complete the distribution. Looking up at the time of entering the village, it’s just after 10: 30 in the morning.

　　"This speed is unimaginable in the past." Ren Jianbin told reporters that in the past, the rural express delivery service in Yucheng City was "divided by each express delivery enterprise", which was small in quantity and high in cost, and it was difficult for the service site to achieve "reaching every village". Relatively remote villagers could only go to the towns and villages 10 kilometers away the next day to pick up the pieces, which was time-consuming and laborious.

　　"With the help of the co-distribution network covering urban and rural areas, we have established ‘ Different from others ’ Regional agricultural products brands, now 30 companies have settled in. " Bai Hongbin, deputy director of Yucheng Transportation Development Center, introduced that in July and August of this year, the average monthly order volume reached 26,000 pieces, and the average monthly transaction volume exceeded 1.3 million yuan, which was significantly higher than that in the first half of the year.

　　Not only in Yucheng. The data shows that nearly half of the more than 2,800 county-level administrative regions in China have explored different forms of express co-distribution. "Joint distribution has realized the integration and optimization of resources among multiple participants, enabling them to adapt to rural consumer demand and e-commerce development with lower cost, higher timeliness and better service." Cheng Wenqiang, a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Post Bureau, said, for example, under the co-distribution mode, multiple express delivery companies can share delivery vehicles and storage facilities, thus reducing logistics costs, and also shortening delivery time and improving service quality through centralized distribution and route optimization.

　　All localities actively explore various development models according to local conditions.

　　The key to joint delivery is "joint delivery", that is, through the cooperation between multiple participants, express parcels from different sources and different destinations will be distributed centrally. In recent years, in order to further promote express delivery into the village and better activate the rural market, various joint distribution development models have been explored according to local conditions.

　　— — "Cooperation quickly", a number of courier companies form a courier alliance to share resources and networks.

　　Fuping, Shaanxi Province, at the end of August this year, under the guidance of Weinan Postal Administration, local commercial departments integrated Zhongtong, Shentong and other express delivery enterprises and a commercial circulation enterprise, introduced automatic sorting equipment, and built a common distribution system. Relying on 14 town-level e-commerce comprehensive service centers and 140 village-level e-commerce comprehensive service stations, 232 village-level express delivery stations have been set up. Now Fuping County has formed a rural delivery logistics system with county-level sorting, town-level transit and village-level receiving and dispatching, which helps express delivery enterprises reduce their comprehensive operating costs by 30% to 50%. Du Kang, head of Zhongtong Fuping County Branch, said that at present, the major express delivery companies in Fuping plan to move their county-level headquarters into the same park, further deepen joint distribution, and better reduce costs and increase efficiency.

　　— — "Express Incubation", led by a single express company, undertakes the delivery of other enterprises.

　　Some express delivery companies are trying to establish a special rural delivery platform to realize unified management and collaborative distribution by integrating the resources and networks of several express delivery companies.

　　Anhui Changfeng and Yijiayi Technology Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of SF Express, set up a three-level logistics distribution network in counties and villages, which provided services such as venues, vehicles and information systems, and received and dispatched parts from enterprises such as Zhongtong and Jitu. "After each company handed the express mail from the town to SF, it was sent to the village with the nearest SF logistics shuttle bus twice a day." The person in charge of Yijiayi Technology said that at present, the business has covered half of the local administrative villages, the average pick-up distance of villagers has been shortened by 6 kilometers, and the average daily delivery volume of villagers has also been greatly improved.

　　— — "Cross-border integration", courier companies join hands with cooperatives to expand the rural market.

　　In the main producing areas of characteristic agricultural products, some courier companies cooperate with e-commerce platforms and agricultural cooperatives to expand the rural market and reduce logistics costs by jointly distributing agricultural products.

　　In Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, Jingdong Logistics, together with a number of professional cooperatives, set up nearly 200 collection points near the hairy crab producing area, invested nearly 1,000 couriers to collect the goods, and provided free packaging and door-to-door pick-up services to assist customers in shipping, so that farmers can enjoy the "never leave home" delivery service.

　　"Different service forms convey the same concept. Express joint distribution aims to improve efficiency and service quality through resource integration and cooperation." Cheng Wenqiang said.

　　Strengthen the level of synergy and have broad development prospects.

　　As an innovative measure to break through the "last mile" of rural logistics, the common delivery mode of express delivery has achieved remarkable results, but it still faces some challenges in practice.

　　"In the short term, joint distribution requires the cooperation of many parties such as courier companies, e-commerce platforms and community stations, but there are often competitive relationships and business differences between different courier companies, which makes cooperation and coordination more difficult to some extent." Cheng Wenqiang said, for example, the information systems and technical standards of express delivery companies are different. In the process of joint distribution, how to optimize logistics scheduling with information sharing has become a major problem.

　　In the long run, with the rapid development of rural e-commerce, how to deal with the peak distribution demand and improve the efficiency and accuracy of distribution has become an important challenge for joint distribution. "At present, the county-level automatic sorting center has a maximum picking volume of 120,000 pieces per day, but it still needs further improvement." Ren Jianbin introduced that the center is undergoing upgrading, rebuilding the express delivery warehouse on some parking lots of the passenger station, and launching the automatic sorting line to further enhance the sorting capacity.

　　Problems in development need to be solved in development. During the interview, many people in the industry said that with the fierce competition in the express delivery market, service quality and user experience have become the focus of competition, and the express common distribution model with the advantages of environmental friendliness, resource sharing, cost saving and service improvement has broad development space.

　　At present, more than 100 million express parcels flow in rural areas every day, and the express delivery industry has unblocked the channels for industrial products to go to the countryside and agricultural products to go out of the village to enter the city. "Continuously improve the logistics network, technology application and policy support, and further promote the pace of express delivery into the village, which will effectively promote consumption upgrading, smooth the economic cycle, and contribute to promoting rural revitalization." The relevant person in charge of the State Post Bureau said.

Competing for digital economy, the national big data comprehensive experimental zone is expected to expand.

　　The National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone is expected to expand.

　　The reporter of the Economic Information Daily was informed that in order to further implement the national big data strategy and build a national integrated national big data center system, the central and local governments are welcoming the intensive landing period of big data series policies. Among them, expanding the pilot demonstration of regional achievements transfer and transformation, promoting the deep integration of big data and cloud computing, accelerating the construction of industrial Internet and industrial big data, and building a big data security system are the key points for a period of time.

　　"Whoever can master the data will seize the initiative and seize the development opportunities." According to industry insiders, big data has become a new kinetic energy for high-quality economic development. Under the background of a new round of information technology revolution and industrial transformation, it is an inevitable economic development direction to accelerate the deep integration of digital technology and real economy, fully tap the big data dividend and stimulate the potential of big data.

　　According to the above-mentioned sources, the National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone is expected to expand. Therefore, at this stage, many related industries and applications such as big data are vigorously developed to compete for the big cake of the digital economy.

　　Recently, at the press conference of the Qingdao Summit of the SCO, Guan Zhaoquan, deputy director of the Shandong Provincial Development and Reform Commission, revealed that Shandong will mainly rely on advantageous industries and key enterprises in Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai and other cities, introduce advanced technology and strategic capital at home and abroad, lay out and build major projects such as integrated circuits, high-end software and quantum communication, build a cloud computing industrial base and build a national big data comprehensive experimental zone.

　　The Opinions on Accelerating the Innovation and Development of Industrial Digital Economy in Fujian Province also pointed out that efforts will be made to build an independent and controllable big data industry chain, value chain and ecosystem, and data will be used as a link to promote collaborative innovation in Industry-University-Research and open innovation in open source communities. Actively strive to build a national big data comprehensive experimental zone and a national new industrialized industrial demonstration base (data center), and develop a number of big data backbone enterprises and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises. It is also reported that Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces are expected to set up cross-regional Yangtze River Delta Big Data Experimental Zone.

　　In this regard, industry insiders revealed that the second batch of national big data comprehensive experimental zones has been two years, and the scale is expected to expand. The "Big Data Industry Development Plan (2016-2020)" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology clearly points out that by 2020, China will build 10-15 big data comprehensive experimental zones, create a number of big data industry clusters, and form a number of big data new industrialized industrial demonstration bases.

　　According to the data, in 2016, China successively approved the construction of eight national-level big data comprehensive experimental zones, including Guizhou National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zone; Two cross-regional big data comprehensive experimental zones in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and the Pearl River Delta; Shanghai, Henan, Chongqing, Shenyang and other four regional demonstration comprehensive experimental areas; Comprehensive experimental zone for overall development of big data infrastructure in Inner Mongolia.

　　Among them, Guizhou proposed to build a scientific data center, and applied to build the National Supercomputing Gui ‘an Center, the National Biomedical Big Data Center, and the SKA Asia Regional Center. Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei give full play to their exemplary role in big data infrastructure construction, data sharing and opening up, industrial agglomeration and development, break through administrative barriers and regional boundaries, and build a data trading market. Relying on the advantages of electronic information industry in Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other regions, the Pearl River Delta region has built an important big data industry cluster area in China and cultivated a number of powerful big data innovation enterprises.

　　Cai Qi, secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, said recently that we should pay attention to the use of technologies such as cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things, and vigorously build smart cities and digital cities. Wang Jianfen, deputy inspector of the Hebei Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, also said that Hebei Province will focus on developing a new generation of information technology industries such as big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing, new displays, integrated circuits and network equipment, and strive to promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and the real economy, and strive to promote the construction of "Hebei on the Cloud", accelerate the development of the digital economy, and build a modern information system with Hebei characteristics. The Network Information Office of Tianjin Municipal Committee recently proposed that it is necessary to speed up the formulation of Tianjin’s big data development plan and promote the development of digital economy, and carry out in-depth research on local legislation in new technology fields such as big data and blockchain.

　　Relevant persons from the Fujian Provincial Development and Reform Commission said that as an important carrier of digital Fujian construction, it will fully accelerate the construction of big data centers in southeast Fujian, including health care big data industrial park, VR industrial park, big data convergence industrial park and integration innovation support service area. Among them, a number of big data industry infrastructures such as "Strait Optical Cable No.1", provincial "government cloud", "Business Cloud" and Supercomputing Center Phase II, and national platform projects such as National Health and Medical Big Data Center and Land and Resources Big Data Application Center have landed.

　　Chen Guoping, mayor of Donghu Digital Town, Southeast Fujian Big Data Center, introduced that Donghu Digital Town and CLP Data are deeply cooperating, and the national health care big data cloud service platform is the core, and artificial intelligence analysis is used to create intelligent health files, thus forming vertical industrial resource integration.

　　As of May 2018, Donghu Digital Town has attracted nearly 200 well-known enterprises and institutions such as Microsoft, Tencent, China 12 Aerospace Institute, Tsinghua University Big Data Research Institute, CLP Data, 360, Inspur, Guoxin Youyi and berry and kang to settle in the town, with a total registered capital of nearly 20 billion yuan, covering five fields: big data, mobile Internet, virtual reality, medical health and artificial intelligence.

Chery Fengyun T9 officially opened for pre-sale, starting from 159,900 yuan, equipped with plug-in hybrid system.

On the evening of April 18th, Chery Automobile officially announced the pre-sale of Fengyun T9. This brand-new hybrid SUV will become a member of Chery Fengyun’s new energy product series. Chery Automobile announced the pre-sale price of Fengyun T9, which is 159,900-199,900 yuan. In addition, Chery also plans to launch a 200km long battery life version with longer battery life. So, what’s the point of the new car?

Positioning compact SUV, available in five-seat version and seven-seat version.

From the appearance, Fengyun T9 adopts a closed front grille design and is decorated with silver semi-circular chrome, which makes the whole front more dynamic. Both sides of the front enclosure are equipped with longitudinal ventilation openings, which further enhances the tension of the front.

The side of the car body is smoother, especially the roof line is more dynamic, and it is equipped with retractable hidden door handles and dense spokes to make the car more futuristic.

At the rear of the car, Fengyun T9 is equipped with a roof spoiler and a through taillight set design.

It is reported that Fengyun T9 offers two models: five-seat version and seven-seat version, while the wheelbase is 2770 mm..

Chery Fengyun T9 is equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip.

Entering the car, Fengyun T9 continues the design style of Tiggo 9, and adopts blue and white color matching to create a sense of science and technology. The rounded square air-conditioning outlet in the center of the center console has a unique design, which complements the electronic gear shifting mechanism, making the whole car full of modern technology atmosphere.

The new car will be equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip, panoramic sunroof, 7 airbags and 540-degree panoramic image.

In terms of comfort configuration, Fengyun T9 is equipped with 6-way adjustment of main driver and 4-way adjustment of lumbar support, which has ventilation and heating functions. The queen’s co-pilot’s one-button reclining function and the two or three rows of seats’ one-button reclining and moving function further enhance the riding comfort and flexibility.

Chery Fengyun T9 is equipped with plug-in hybrid system

In terms of power, Chery Fengyun T9 is equipped with two plug-in hybrid systems with different powers. Among them, the engine is the fifth generation ACTECO 1.5TGDI hybrid engine, with maximum power of 115kW, maximum torque of 220N·m and thermal efficiency of 44.5%.

In addition, the car also provides two hybrid transmission systems, namely DHT gearbox and 3-speed DHT gearbox. In terms of acceleration, it is reported that the 0-100km acceleration time of Fengyun T9 is 4.26 seconds. The comprehensive endurance of the new car is more than 1400km.

Written at the end: Fengyun T9, as a member of Chery Fengyun’s new energy product sequence, is built on the super hybrid platform of Mars architecture, which will further enhance the competitiveness of Chery brand in the hybrid SUV market. Its comprehensive endurance and dynamic performance, as well as the configuration and comfort of the model, will attract more consumers’ attention and bring more influence and market share to the brand.

BMW i5 (imported) starts from 639,900 riders： aggressive enough.

Who is more in line with the needs of consumers, new energy vehicles or fuel vehicles, depends on local conditions and people. What I want to talk about today (import) is a pure tram. Let’s get to know each other.

Let’s take a look at the appearance of the BMW i5 (imported). The front of the BMW i5 (imported) looks calm and very sporty. At the same time, the headlights present a fashionable and concise design style, and the shape is very eye-catching. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, automatic steering, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car, the size of the car body is 5060MM*1900MM*1505MM. The car adopts fashionable and generous lines, giving people a very delicate feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, the overall visual effect is cool. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks more comfortable, the taillights present a clean and refreshing design style, and the overall shape is still very attractive.

In terms of interior, the interior of BMW i5 (imported) looks very deep and the overall design is very simple. The steering wheel of the car is very in line with the interior style, made of genuine leather and has a high palm fit. Let’s take a look at the central control, with a 14.9-inch central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks simple. The interior feels good. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard of the car presents a dynamic design style and looks very concise. The car uses leather seats, and the seats are wrapped in place, which is basically enough for daily use.

BMW i5 (imported) matched gearbox, 442KW, 795N.m, with good power performance.

BMW i5 (imported) is equipped with car networking, driving mode selection, remote control key, UWB digital key, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, which can be said to be quite satisfactory.

The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable. As long as you like it, go ahead and buy it.

Where is the difference in the ＂plastic reduction＂ of express takeaway？

　　Where is the difference in the "plastic reduction" of express takeaway?

　　The survey shows that China’s express delivery industry generates about 1.80 million tons of plastic waste every year. At the same time, food delivery is also the "hardest hit area" of plastic packaging, often "bag in bag". The "white waste" brought by express delivery has become a regulatory pain point.

　　—————

　　"Now the express delivery is piled up like a mountain, and half of the packaging is plastic." On November 12, Liu Shan (a pseudonym), a courier brother in Fengtai, Beijing, was worried about the resulting plastic waste pollution while running around for the seemingly endless express delivery.

　　The rapid development of online shopping has brought further prosperity to the express delivery industry. On November 11, on the day of the shopping carnival, with 675 million pieces of express delivery, there were 675 million express packages.

　　Zhang Deyuan, deputy director of the Research Office of the National Development and Reform Commission’s Institute of Macroeconomics and System Reform, said in an interview with a reporter from China Youth Daily and China Youth Network that the total number of express deliveries this year is expected to reach 80 billion, of which about 20% are packed in plastic bags. The "white waste" brought by online shopping has become a pain point for the supervision of the "plastic restriction order".

　　Where is the difficulty in implementing the "plastic restriction order"? According to a survey conducted by the official Weibo of China Youth Daily, 59.7% of respondents preferred "changing public habits", 16.8% of respondents believed that "it is difficult to develop and promote new materials", 12.7% of respondents chose "shopping costs increase", and 10.7% of respondents said that "new fields are difficult to supervise".

　　"Compared to cartons, plastic bags at 0.3 yuan each are cheaper"

　　Zhu Wen (a pseudonym), the brother of Beijing Express, said that among the more than 200 express deliveries he delivered on November 11, more than 100 were packaged in plastic, mainly some clothing, quilts, shoes, etc.

　　The reporter visited and found that the use of plastic packaging in the outer packaging of express deliveries delivered by many couriers accounted for 30% to 50%. Some express deliveries using carton packaging also place plastic fillers in the boxes to ensure the safety of goods transportation, and most of them are sealed with tape outside the boxes.

　　When the courier arrives in the hands of consumers, it often goes through multiple processes. In order to prevent damage, some merchants will choose to pack multiple layers or even over-pack before sending the courier. Most of these packaging materials are purchased nearby or at a low price. Search an e-commerce platform, 100 35 × 45cm courier packaging bags are 14.2 yuan, and in some stores a packaging bag is as low as 0.039 yuan.

　　In addition to express delivery, takeaway is also the "hardest hit area" of plastic packaging, and "bag in bag" situations often occur. According to the reporter’s observation, consumers order a rice noodle on the takeaway platform, and the powder and soup are packed in two plastic boxes separately. In order to prevent spillage, some merchants also wrap a layer of plastic wrap on the soup box, put it in a separate plastic bag, and then put everything in a large plastic bag.

　　Some couriers give preference to plastic bags. Zhu Wen said that when sending, he hardly uses cartons, and probably uses more than 10 bags a day to pack for consumers. On the one hand, plastic bags are portable, and on the other hand, they are based on cost considerations. For example, for a 12 yuan courier, he can get 2 yuan service fee, of which the packaging fee needs to be paid by himself. "Compared with cartons, plastic bags are generally cheaper at 0.3 yuan each."

　　"Plastic reduction" has a long way to go. According to the statistics of the Plastics Recycling Professional Committee of the China Plastics Association, our country uses about 3 billion plastic bags every day. As of 2019, the annual use of plastic bags exceeds 4 million tons. Another survey shows that China’s express delivery industry generates about 1.80 million tons of plastic waste every year.

　　Where is the difficulty of "plastic reduction" in the field of e-commerce?

　　Since the implementation of the "plastic restriction order" in 2008, "plastic reduction" has been running for 11 years. In recent years, as emerging business forms, e-commerce, takeaway and other fields have once become "blank areas" of the "plastic restriction order".

　　On January 19 this year, the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Control of Plastic Pollution" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), known as the upgraded "Plastic Limit Order", was released, and the takeaway and e-commerce fields were officially included in the scope of the "Plastic Limit Order". The opinion also clearly states that by the end of 2022, postal express outlets in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other provinces and cities will first ban the use of non-degradable plastic packaging bags, disposable plastic woven bags, etc., to reduce the use of non-degradable plastic tape. By the end of 2025, postal express outlets across the country will be covered.

　　In contrast to the huge amount of use, the collection rate of plastic bags is very low. On November 11 last year, the "Research Report on the Characteristics and Management of China’s Express Packaging Waste" jointly released by environmental protection organizations Greenpeace pointed out that in 2018, our country’s express delivery industry consumed a total of 851,800 tons of plastic packaging materials. Due to the difficulty of recycling plastic express packaging waste, high regeneration costs and low regeneration profits, about 99% of our country’s express packaging waste plastics (mass ratio) were mixed into domestic waste.

　　Consumers rarely pay directly for express packaging, which affects the "plastic reduction" in the field of express delivery. Some netizens said that most of the time online shopping is free shipping, compared with supermarket shopping, the feeling of using plastic bags is not obvious, and they rarely pay attention to plastic waste in the e-commerce field.

　　"The difficulty is that it is too scattered." Zhang Deyuan said that compared with ordinary supermarkets, the plastic packaging users in the e-commerce field are mostly small merchants. This group is large in number, scattered in main body, difficult to supervise and expensive to enforce.

　　At present, the alternative product Research & Development production of plastic packaging is still not mature enough, and the circulation efficiency of domestic express packaging is not high. Zhang Deyuan takes degradable plastic bags as an example. The cycle of domestic express packaging from procurement, warehousing to circulation is about 30 days, which is a certain gap compared with foreign countries. For example, Amazon’s logistics efficiency is about 13.5 days. Long storage time of degradable plastic bags may lead to performance degradation and affect the use effect.

　　Some netizens expressed that they wanted to do their part to reduce white pollution, but had to use plastic bags in the absence of suitable alternatives.

　　At the end of last year, an online poll conducted by China Youth Daily showed that 86.6% of respondents felt that there was a waste of plastic bags in the e-commerce sector. 53.0% of respondents said they were willing to pay a certain amount for e-commerce to use reusable environmentally friendly packaging.

　　Press the "acceleration button" for "plastic reduction" in many places.

　　Faced with the big problem of "white pollution", various places have continued to make efforts on "plastic reduction". So far, more than 20 provinces have issued an upgraded version of the "plastic restriction order", pressing the "acceleration button" for "plastic reduction".

　　Among them, six major industries such as food delivery and e-commerce have become the key "plastic reduction" objects of Beijing’s new version of the "plastic restriction order". On November 10, the "Beijing Plastic Pollution Control Action Plan (2020-2025) (exposure draft) " released by Beijing pointed out that by the end of this year, the city’s postal express and e-commerce distribution outlets will have a "slimming tape" packaging ratio of 90%. By the end of 2022, the city’s postal express outlets will ban the use of non-degradable plastic packaging bags, woven bags, etc. By the end of 2025, the city’s postal express outlets will ban the use of non-degradable plastic tape, and the responsibility will be implemented to specific units. This is also known as the "strictest plastic restriction order" by netizens.

　　The "plastic reduction" in the field of e-commerce is a systematic project that requires platforms, merchants, and consumers to work together to create a green logistics system from the production, procurement, use, and recycling of plastic packaging.

　　"Platform companies should be leaders in the control of plastic pollution." Zhang Deyuan believes that platform companies in the fields of e-commerce, express delivery, and takeaway should strengthen the management of merchants settled on the platform, formulate alternative implementation plans for reducing the amount of disposable plastic products, and implement "green merchant leadership plans" and "green packaging points activities" to encourage and guide merchants to take the initiative to reduce the use of disposable plastic packaging. The postal express industry should increase the use of green packaging and recyclable packaging. Operating merchants should be "executors" of green consumption patterns.

　　At the same time, the research and development of alternative products will usher in new opportunities. Zhang Deyuan suggested that express delivery companies and packaging material production and development companies should strengthen innovation. At present, some companies are developing degradable plastic bags.

　　On the consumer side, you can consider adopting a separate pricing and charging strategy. Zhang Deyuan said that consumers spend money and have a clear sense of use, which can indirectly enhance consumers’ environmental awareness. If plastic packaging is used, it should be classified for subsequent disposal and resource utilization.

　　In addition, Zhang Deyuan also suggested that while enjoying the convenience brought by modern business models, consumers should continuously raise their awareness of environmental protection and minimize the use of disposable plastic utensils when ordering takeout and online shopping.

What is the difference between Mercedes-Benz e300 and e200？

What’s the difference between Mercedes E300 and E200?

There are obvious differences between E200 and E300 in price, powertrain and configuration. First of all, E300 is more advanced and more expensive than E200. The official quotation of E300 fashion model is 465,800 yuan, which is 40,000 yuan higher than E200 sports model (basic model) of 425,800 yuan. Even the gap between E200′ s 4MATIC sports model (the highest configuration) and E300′ s fashion model is almost 20,000 yuan. Secondly, E300′ s powertrain is more powerful than E200′ s, and it is equipped with a 2.0T high-power engine with a maximum power of 190KW and a maximum torque of 370Nm, while E200 is equipped with a 2.0T low-power engine with a maximum power of 135KW and a maximum torque of 300Nm. Both engines are equipped with 264 920 models. Finally, E300 has more comprehensive configurations than E200, such as keyless entry of the whole vehicle, 360-degree panoramic image and steering wheel memory function, which are standard in E300. Therefore, if you want a better driving experience and more comprehensive configuration, you can choose E300.

Online celebrity anchor became a live broadcast platform to compete for the object, causing liquidated damages and other issues

　　The live broadcast platform and online celebrity anchor have been interdependent communities of interests since their appearance. With the increase of the number of live broadcast platforms and the escalation of competition, the conflict of interests between the two parties has intensified.

　　Online celebrity anchor is favored by live broadcast platforms because of its huge fan base and high-quality content, and it is also the main target of poaching between platforms. In recent years, some well-known anchors have jumped ship from time to time. In addition to fighting with their platforms, some anchors have even been brought to court.

　　Recently, a dispute caused by anchor job-hopping has aroused social concern.

　　Jia is the contracted anchor of a live broadcast platform. In April 2017, during the contract period with the original live broadcast platform, Jia went to another live broadcast platform for live broadcast activities. Therefore, the original live broadcast platform sued Jia to the court.

　　Recently, the Shanghai No.1 Intermediate People’s Court made a final judgment on this case, upheld the first-instance judgment of the Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Court, and ordered Jia to stop violating the agreement with the original platform, continue to perform the obligation of inaction in the agreement with the original platform, and immediately stop providing live broadcast services or similar live broadcast activities for the new platform and any third party. Jia should compensate the original platform for liquidated damages within ten days from the date of the effective judgment.

　　In recent years, there have been many cases of similar lawsuits between anchors and platforms. The reporter combed similar cases and found that how to identify the relationship between the anchor and the platform, how to determine the amount of compensation, and how to find a balance between the anchor’s freedom of employment and the demands of the old club to continue to perform the contract have always been the focus of controversy.

　　How to identify the relationship between platform and anchor?

　　The reporter found out that the relationship between the anchor and the platform can be roughly divided into three types:

　　First, the anchor signed a sharing agreement with the live broadcast platform, that is, the anchor has the right to live broadcast, can perform live performances on the platform, and get certain gifts and rewards. At the same time, the anchor is not subject to the management constraints such as labor time and total labor stipulated by the live broadcast platform, nor does it engage in other labor tasks arranged by the live broadcast platform.

　　Second, the anchor becomes a contracted artist of the live broadcast platform, and is bound by a series of labor rules and regulations of the platform. While obtaining guaranteed economic income, it needs to undertake corresponding duties and tasks, including the assessment of multiple standards such as live broadcast duration, content quality, number of fans and live broadcast activity.

　　Third, the anchor signed a sharing cooperation agreement with the live broadcast brokerage company or guild, and the brokerage company or guild built the anchor in an all-round way. At the same time, the brokerage company cooperated with various live broadcast platforms to cultivate the incubating anchor.

　　Then, among these three relationships, which one constitutes a labor relationship?

　　In this regard, Zheng Ning, deputy director of the Department of Law, Department of Law, Communication University of China, analyzed that it is necessary to satisfy two conditions, namely, economic and personal dependence, to determine that the live broadcast platform and the anchor constitute a labor relationship. Economic relationship means that the anchor provides labor and the live broadcast platform gives remuneration; Personal attachment means that the anchor’s working time, content and methods are constrained by the rules and regulations of the live broadcast platform or specific management behaviors. In line with the above two conditions, there is a labor relationship between the anchor and the live broadcast platform.

　　"As far as the first and third cases are concerned, there is no personal attachment between the anchor and the live broadcast platform, and the anchor is independent. Therefore, these two situations do not constitute labor relations; As far as the second case is concerned, the anchor provides labor, the live broadcast platform pays remuneration, and at the same time, it is managed by the live broadcast platform and has personal dependence, so it constitutes a labor relationship. " Zheng Ning said.

　　In the view of Wang Yanhui, a Shanghai lawyer, three conditions need to be considered to determine whether there is a labor relationship between the live broadcast platform and the anchor: First, whether the employer and the employee meet the subject qualifications stipulated by laws and regulations; Second, whether the various labor rules and regulations formulated by the employer according to law are applicable to the workers, and whether the workers are subject to the labor management of the employer and engaged in paid labor arranged by the employer; Third, whether the labor provided by the laborer is an integral part of the employer’s business. According to the above conditions, it can be judged whether there is a labor relationship between the platform and the anchor.

　　"Therefore, in the above three situations, only the second one meets the conditions for forming labor relations." Wang Yanhui said.

　　However, Wang Quanxing, a professor at the Law School of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, believes: "The live broadcast activity of the network anchor on the live broadcast platform is an activity in which the platform and the anchor jointly provide video products or services to the audience, and it is also the digital labor and remote labor provided by the anchor to the platform in the virtual place arranged by the platform, which constitute the production factors of the platform’s business activities of providing video products or services to consumers; The anchor shall abide by the management rules of the platform when engaging in anchor activities in the virtual places arranged by the platform. At the same time, the relationship between the platform and the anchor is continuous with the anchor activity as the object. Therefore, although the relationship between the platform and the anchor is different from the labor relationship in the traditional format, that is, it does not have all the elements of labor relations, but it has some elements of labor relations, such as subordination and continuity. "

　　Wang Quanxing said that as for the "cooperative relationship" agreed by the anchor and the platform, it is not a standardized legal concept, nor is it a famous contract concept. Any contractual relationship, including labor contracts, is cooperative. Therefore, the so-called "cooperative relationship" is not mutually exclusive with contracting relationship, entrustment relationship and labor relationship.

　　"In the terms of the contract, the anchor and the platform do not belong to the labor relationship or employment relationship ‘ Know ’ , and can not be used as the sole basis for determining whether it is a labor relationship. If the anchor has the facts that meet the requirements of labor relations in the process of cooperation, and this fact is also the agreement of both parties, such as the fact that the anchor undertakes the obligation of non-competition, it is the element that constitutes subordination. Therefore, whether labor relations are determined or not should be judged whether there are facts that meet the requirements of labor relations. " Wang Quanxing said that there are certain reasons for determining the nature of the so-called "cooperative relationship" between the platform and the anchor.

　　If it constitutes a labor relationship, workers can safeguard their rights and interests according to the labor law. Then, if it does not constitute a labor relationship, can the anchor effectively protect his rights and interests?

　　In this regard, Zheng Ning said that in some cases, although the anchor and the live broadcast platform do not constitute a labor relationship, there is a contractual relationship between the anchor and the live broadcast platform, and the anchor can safeguard his legitimate rights and interests according to the provisions of the contract law. There is a contractual relationship between the anchor and the live broadcast platform. The contract follows the principles of equality, voluntariness and good faith. Both parties can determine the contents of the contract through consultation. When one party thinks that there is fraud, coercion, obviously unfair or major misunderstanding, it can request the court or arbitration institution to cancel or change the contract. The parties to a contract may also stipulate liquidated damages in the contract. When one party violates the contract, the other party may request the defaulting party to pay liquidated damages and other ways to assume responsibility.

　　How to evaluate the liquidated damages for job-hopping

　　Anchor is the core resource of live broadcast platform, and the competition between platforms will also affect the value of anchor. In the fierce competition between live broadcast platforms, the value of the anchor is constantly being raised, and even there is a false high situation. At the same time, some online celebrity anchors think that their popularity depends on their own abilities, but the platform thinks that they have invested in packaging, publicity, planning and even broadband resources. Therefore, when some online celebrity anchors change jobs, they are often asked by the live broadcast platform to pay high liquidated damages. In recent years, the amount of liquidated damages has been increasing. However, how to evaluate the liquidated damages?

　　"On the legal level, the setting of liquidated damages has two main meanings: on the one hand, it is to protect the transaction, and it is a means of punishment for the defaulting party; On the other hand, it is also the most important function of liquidated damages, that is, to make up for losses, because one party’s breach of contract will often bring economic losses to the observant party, including actual losses and expected benefits. The determination of the amount of liquidated damages should be based on the actual loss of the observant party, and the observant party should prove its actual loss and expected benefit. If the breaching party thinks that the liquidated damages claimed by the other party are too high, then it has the right to ask the court to make adjustments, and the court will also make reasonable judgments according to the actual situation and the general situation in the industry. " Wang Yanhui said.

　　In this regard, Zheng Ning’s point of view is: "As far as the assessment of liquidated damages is concerned, there are two situations: first, there is a labor relationship between the anchor and the live broadcast platform. According to the provisions of the Labor Contract Law, the platform provides training fees for the anchor, and the service period is agreed, and the anchor can be claimed to pay the training fees that have not been fulfilled. If the anchor terminates the contract in breach of contract, or violates the confidentiality obligations or non-competition restrictions agreed in the labor contract, causing losses to the employer, it shall be liable for compensation. "

　　"Another situation is that there is a contractual relationship between the anchor and the network platform." Zheng Ning said that the contract law stipulates that the parties may agree that one party shall pay a certain amount of liquidated damages to the other party in case of breach of contract, and may also agree on the calculation method of the amount of damages arising from breach of contract. If the agreed liquidated damages are lower than the losses caused, the parties may request the people’s court or arbitration institution to increase them; If the agreed liquidated damages are excessively higher than the losses caused, the parties may request the people’s court or arbitration institution to reduce them appropriately. The Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Contract Law (II) stipulates that the agreed amount of liquidated damages exceeds 30% of the loss, which can generally be regarded as "excessively higher than the loss caused". Therefore, in the contract, the anchor and the network platform can agree on the liquidated damages in advance, and when one party violates the agreement, the other party can claim to pay the liquidated damages.

　　In Wang Quanxing’s view, in labor relations and labor law, the application of liquidated damages is subject to legal restrictions, and compensation has legal rules. In civil contracts, we should pay more attention to the principle of fault, the principle of fairness and the proof of damage facts for liquidated damages and compensation.

　　Both sides should raise their legal awareness.

　　Some people think that anchor job-hopping is an act that lacks the spirit of contract; Others believe that this is normal business competition. As anchors who want to jump ship, they want to get a job on a new live broadcast platform; As an old club, the anchor is generally required to continue to perform the contract and compensate for the losses. So, how to balance the different demands between the anchor and the live broadcast platform?

　　In this regard, Wang Yanhui said that according to the provisions of the Contract Law, the observant party has the right to choose to terminate the contract and demand payment of liquidated damages, and also has the right to choose to ask the defaulting party to continue to perform the contract. However, the purpose of China’s civil law is not only to protect transactions, but also to protect the freedom of transactions as much as possible. If the anchor has reasonable reasons to prove that he can’t continue to perform the contract with his old club, then the law generally won’t "buy and sell" and ask him to continue to broadcast live on the original platform.

　　In Zheng Ning’s view, in the case of labor relations, the labor law stipulates that workers have the freedom to work, and they can terminate the labor contract by notifying the employer in writing 30 days in advance. The employee may terminate the labor contract by notifying the employer three days in advance during the probation period. Therefore, the anchor has the right to terminate the labor contract in accordance with the provisions of the labor law. The employer can only demand compensation for the corresponding losses through terms such as non-competition, confidentiality obligations and training.

　　"In the case of a contractual relationship, both parties shall exercise corresponding rights and perform corresponding obligations in accordance with the contents of the contract agreed in advance. The live broadcast platform may require the anchor to pay liquidated damages and compensate for the losses for the anchor’s breach of contract. However, the subject matter of the contract has personal attributes and is not suitable for enforcement. Therefore, after the anchor pays the liquidated damages, the anchor can broadcast on the new platform. " Zheng Ning said.

　　In Wang Quanxing’s view, there is a legal basis for non-competition in labor relations. Because the restriction of non-competition is a restriction on the freedom of workers to choose a job, it is conditional for workers to undertake the restriction of non-competition, and it is based on the compensation given to workers by employers. As for whether the non-competition clause can be stipulated in the civil contract, there is no legal basis in China. There must be a legal basis for agreeing on non-competition. Even if it is allowed to agree on non-competition, the obligation to undertake non-competition should be conditional and have economic compensation as consideration. Otherwise, obviously unfair.

　　"In reality, many live broadcast platforms are unwilling to form a labor relationship with the anchor on the one hand, and require non-competition restrictions on the anchor on the other hand, and their goals are conflicting. In fact, choosing the arrangement of labor relations may not be unfavorable to the live broadcast platform. " Wang Quanxing said.

　　Then, once the anchor changes jobs, how should the anchor and the platform protect their rights and interests?

　　"Improve legal awareness. When signing a contract, clarify the legal relationship between the two parties, that is, clarify whether it is a labor relationship or a contractual relationship, and then stipulate the rights, obligations and legal responsibilities of both parties in detail. The contract should clearly stipulate the remuneration standard, payment method, payment period, etc., and determine a reasonable amount of liquidated damages. If conditions permit, it is best to hire legal counsel or consult legal experts. " Zheng Ning said.

　　"According to my understanding of this industry, many anchors are still young, their social experience is not rich, and their legal awareness is not strong. If you want to guarantee your own interests, the anchor must first sign a formal contract with the platform, and no matter what form of cooperation, it should be implemented in writing. " Wang Yanhui suggested that the rights and obligations of both parties should be clearly stipulated in the contract, and the anchor should be familiar with his obligations and the legal ways to safeguard his interests when his rights are violated. In addition, both the anchor and the live broadcast platform should keep their contracts and communication evidence in case of emergency. Live broadcast belongs to a new industry, which lacks corresponding laws and regulations to regulate. Only by improving the legal awareness can employees in this industry have better development.

　　□ Our reporter Han Dandong

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